نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه هنر، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه تطبیقی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

حباب معرفتی و اتاق بازتاب دو پدیده دوران پسا-حقیقت هستند که در آن‌ها دانش علمی انکار می‌شود. تای نوین معتقد است این پدیده‌ها دانش علمی را با طرد و بی‌اعتمادی به آن انکار می‌کنند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر این است که راه‌کاری برای تمیز میان دانش علمی و دانش درون این جوامع به دست آورده تا امکان خروج از آن‌ها میسر شود. به این منظور، با استفاده از روش تحلیلی-توصیفی ابتدا به تبیین این دو پدیده و بررسی راه‌کار ارائه‌شده برای خروج از آن‌ها پرداخته و ایرادات این راه‌کارها را نمایان می‌سازیم. سپس نظریه نظام‌مندی دانش علمی هوینینگن-هون معرفی خواهد شد که بر اساس آن یک در موضوع مشترک، دانش علمی در ابعاد توصیف، توضیح، پیش‌بینی، دفاع از ادعاهای دانش، گفتمان انتقادی، پیوند معرفتی، ایده‌آل کامل بودن، تولید دانش و بازنمایی دانش، نظام‌مندتر از دانش روزمره است. مطابق این نظریه، نظام‌مندی به این معنا است که دانش علمی تصادفی، دلخواهانه، بدون برنامه، بدون نظم و ترتیب نبوده و روشمند (متدولوژیک) است. در بخش پایانی به بحث و بررسی استفاده از نظریه نظام‌مندی در پدیده‌های ذکرشده می‌پردازیم. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد نظریه نظام‌مندی بدون آن‌که به دام ایرادات راه‌کار نوین بیافتد، قادر است به عامل معرفتی کمک کند میان دانش علمی و دانش روزمره تمیز داده و امکان خروج از آن‌ها را پدید می‌آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Systematicity of Scientific Knowledge, the Way Out of Epistemic Bubbles and Echo Chambers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Ashouri Kisomi 1
  • Maryam Parvizi 2

1 Ph.D. Candidate of Philosophy of Art, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.D. Candidate of Comparative Philosophy, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The Epistemic Bubble and the Echo Chamber are two phenomena of the Post-Truth area that deny scientific knowledge. The Epistemic Bubble exposes the individual to unbalanced arguments by eliminating knowledge outside the bubble and strengthening trust in the knowledge within it. In contrast, the Echo Chamber does not eliminate the knowledge outside the chamber but makes it unreliable. This unreliability of knowledge outside the room is accompanied by an increase in trust in knowledge inside the Echo Chamber. Both of these phenomena are common in building trust in knowledge within their community and distrust of scientific knowledge. In this paper, using the analytical-descriptive method, a solution to get out of the Epistemic Bubble and the Echo Chamber is presented. In this path, first, the two phenomena of Epistemic Bubbles and Echo Chambers are examined. Then Hoyningen-Huene’s Systematicity theory will be introduced. Systematicity theory shows that in common subjects, scientific knowledge in nine dimensions is more systematic than everyday knowledge. According to this theory, systematicity means that scientific knowledge is not purely random or accidental, is not chaotic, not completely unplanned nor unordered, and is methodological. The results show that the comparative nature of this theory helps to distinguish between knowledge in the Epistemic Bubble or Echo Chamber and Science. This theory will help us find a way to check the reliability of the acquired knowledge and make it possible for the person to get out of the Epistemic bubble and the Echo Chamber.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Post-Truth
  • Epistemic Bubble
  • Echo Chamber
  • Systematicity
  • Science
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