masoud omid
Abstract
Although "osule falsafeh va raveshe ralism" is a fluent a flowing book but it is very pithy too. This article believes that the book opposes the natural direction and framework of mind. Because it against the innatism. But, on the other hand, by reading it again, we know that the theory of realistic ...
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Although "osule falsafeh va raveshe ralism" is a fluent a flowing book but it is very pithy too. This article believes that the book opposes the natural direction and framework of mind. Because it against the innatism. But, on the other hand, by reading it again, we know that the theory of realistic epistemology of this book believes in akind of natural direction of mind. Some of the elements that confirmate these views are: 1- perceptional faculties 2- mathematical perception 3- natural characteristic in mind 4- principality of essence in mind
Research Paper
atieh zandieh
Abstract
One of Wittgenstein's concerns throughout his life was religion. He was involved in the language of religious "belief" more than anything, but by Frazer's Golden Bough he was encouraged in addition to the religious belief, to speak out about the religious practice as well. Wittgenstein in responding ...
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One of Wittgenstein's concerns throughout his life was religion. He was involved in the language of religious "belief" more than anything, but by Frazer's Golden Bough he was encouraged in addition to the religious belief, to speak out about the religious practice as well. Wittgenstein in responding to Frazer's opinions, which are based on two essential axes, put forwards his remarks generally in two parts. In this paper, the writer would present a perspective of Frazer's main ideas on the so called three stages in philosophy, i.e. magic, religion, and science, which would be considered according to instrumentalism and believing in priority of theory to praxis in traditional practices. Hence, the writer would examine Wittgenstein's remarks in contrast with Frazer's, and would offer an utterable interpretation of the traditional practices and emphasize on their innate attribute, and accordingly, on the priority of praxis to theory. At the end of the paper, the writer would assess Wittgenstein's words.
Research Paper
meysam sefid khosh; yousef shaghol
Abstract
John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism ...
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John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism and its extremist individualism, Rawls found that it must be necessary to review the functions and the essential notions of Hegel's Philosophy of Right once again, since Hegel himself in confront with the ideas of the thinkers of Enlightenment Age had been concerned with the same problems in the utilitarianism, too. In fact, Rawls appreciates the advantage of Hegel's approach for his theory of justice and its basic conceptions. In this paper, the writers want to show that how Rawls offers a distinctive account of the most important elements of Hegel's Philosophy of Right to achieve his own intention, which introduces it according to the liberalism. In this way, Rawls recognizes two versions of liberalism and realizes his own theory along with Kant and Hegel's standpoints. It seems that to attain his aim, Rawls, despite his elementary argument about the Kantian character of his theory, has to leave Kantian aspects behind and embrace Hegelian attitudes at least in some main principles. Explicating the basic sides of this thought turn is the other purpose of the paper.
Research Paper
nosratollah hekmat
Abstract
One of the important eschatological events in Islamic theology is the seeing of God, which requires numerous controversial debates. Arguing with the rational and traditional proofs, Ashāirah believe in the seeing of God with the eye of the head. The logical argumentation, which innovated by abu'l-Hassan ...
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One of the important eschatological events in Islamic theology is the seeing of God, which requires numerous controversial debates. Arguing with the rational and traditional proofs, Ashāirah believe in the seeing of God with the eye of the head. The logical argumentation, which innovated by abu'l-Hassan al-Ash'ari for the first time and was reclaimed by others in various versions, due to arguing that God can be the object of human vision fell into disrepute and went into a decline. Hence, Ash'arites such as Imām Fakhr al-Rāzī concluded that matters of faith like as the seeing of God cannot be demonstrated through a rational way with beseeching to human reason, but the only path for corroborating them is appealing to the outward of Qur'ān and Hadīth.
Research Paper
amer gheyturi; hamid taheri; jafar mirzaee
Abstract
This article aims to bring the French philosopher Jacques Derrida into conversation with the Persian mystic poet Mowlavi. What might link the two thinkers is their critical approach toward philosophers' claim as to the authority of reason upon the truth. According to both, reason should acknowledge its ...
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This article aims to bring the French philosopher Jacques Derrida into conversation with the Persian mystic poet Mowlavi. What might link the two thinkers is their critical approach toward philosophers' claim as to the authority of reason upon the truth. According to both, reason should acknowledge its limits. However, by so criticizing the material reason, Mowlavi opens the way to Love, the Heart, or revelation as an alternative to get to the truth-a tool that Derida, as a philosopher, does not seem to resort to. Hence, he remains a philosopher to the end. It is, nevertheless, in acknowledging the limitations of the philosophical approach that he kneels down before truth and faith, speaking to his God with swollen eyes full of tears.
Research Paper
hasan miandari
Abstract
The "logical problem of evil" is one kind of the "problem of evil." It is claimed that there is a logical inconsistency between belief in the existence of an omniscient, omnipotent, and wholly good God and belief in the existence of evil. Alvin Plantinga argued by his "free will defense" that they are ...
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The "logical problem of evil" is one kind of the "problem of evil." It is claimed that there is a logical inconsistency between belief in the existence of an omniscient, omnipotent, and wholly good God and belief in the existence of evil. Alvin Plantinga argued by his "free will defense" that they are consistent. In this paper I present his argument. Then three objections against his argument are mentioned. They are based on compatibilism, God's omnipotence, and God's knowledge of counterfactuals of freedom. Plantinga's responses to these come next. They are based on a counterexample, Leibniz's lapse, and transworld depravity. It is nearly accepted by all parties that Plantinga's defense is successful. Now the problem is the evidential one. For this problem to be solved, there must be a theodicy. And Plantinga gives one. But this is not successful at all. Muslims have to pay attention to this neglected area.
Research Paper
luis pojhan
Abstract
For many religious people there is a problem of doubting various creedal statements contained in their religions. Often propositional beliefs are looked upon as a necessary, though not sufficient, condition, for salvation. This causes great anxiety in doubters and raises the question of the importance ...
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For many religious people there is a problem of doubting various creedal statements contained in their religions. Often propositional beliefs are looked upon as a necessary, though not sufficient, condition, for salvation. This causes great anxiety in doubters and raises the question of the importance of belief in religion and in life in general. It is a question that has been neglected in philosophy of religion and Christian theology. In this paper I shall explore the question of the importance of belief as a religious attitude and suggest that there is at least one other attitude which may be adequate for religious faith even in the absence of belief, that attitude being hope. I shall develop a concept of faith as hope as an alternative to the usual notion that makes propositional belief that God exists a necessary condition for faith, as Plantinga implies in the quotation above. For simplicity’s sake I shall concentrate on the most important proposition in Western religious creeds, that which states that God exists (defined broadly as a benevolent, supreme Being, who is responsible for the creation of the universe), but the analysis could be applied mutatis mutandis to many other important propositions in religion (e.g., the Incarnation and the doctrine of the Trinity). I am not sure how these ideas fit into Islamic thought, but I offer up my paper to stimulate discussion between Christian and Islamic philosophy on the subjects of faith and doubt.
