Andreasen, N. E. (1981). Adam and Adapa: two anthropological characters. Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS), 19(3), 1.
Apollodorus (1921). The Library, Volume I: Books 1-3.9 (Loeb Classical Library# 121). Frazer, J. G. (trans.). Loeb Classical Library.
Cassirer, E. (1965). The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms, Volume 2: Mythical Thought, trans. Ralph Manheim (New Haven: Yale UP, 1955).
Charles, R. H. (Ed.). (1913). The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English: with introductions and critical and explanatory notes to the several books. vol. 1. Oxford University Press, USA.
Charlesworth, J. H. (Ed.). (1983). The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. (vol. 1). Hendrickson Publishers.
Charlesworth, J. H. (Ed.). (1985). The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. (vol. 2). Hendrickson Publishers.
Clay, A. T. (2007). The Origin of Biblical Traditions: Hebrew Legends in Babylonia and Israel. Wipf and Stock Publishers.
De Gamboa, P. S. (2007). The history of the Incas. University of Texas Press.
Diodorus Siculus (1989). Library of History, Volume I: Books 1-2.34. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Oldfather, C. H. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.
Eliade, M. (1963) Myth and Reality, Trask, W. R. (trans.). harper & row Publishers.
George, A. (1999). The Epic of Gilgamesh. A new translation. Allen Lane the Penguin Press.
Gevorgyan, K. (2013). Futuwwa varieties and the Futuwwat-nāma literature: An attempt to classify Futuwwa and Persian Futuwwat-nāmas. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 40(1), 2-13.
Goodman, N. (1978). Ways of Worldmaking, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Hesiod (2006). Theogony: And, works and days. Schlegel, C., & Weinfield, H. (trans.). University of Michigan Press.
Heidel, A. (1951). The Babylonian Genesis: The story of the creation (vol. 133). University of Chicago Press.
Leeming, D. A. (2009). Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia. (vol. 1). Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
Linder, P. A. (1991). The Apocalypse of Adam: Nag Hammadi codex V, 5 considered from its Egyptian background (vol. 7). University of Lund.
Neusner, J. (ed.) (2008). The Jerusalem Talmud: A Translation and Commentary. Hendrickson Publishers.
Prince, G. (2012). Narratology: The form and functioning of narrative (vol. 108). Walter de Gruyter.
Pritchard, J. B. (Ed.). (2016). Ancient Near Eastern texts relating to the Old Testament with supplement. Princeton University Press.
Ricoeur, P. (1967). The symbolism of evil. Beacon Press.
Ricoeur, P. (1995). Figuring the sacred: Religion, narrative, and imagination. Fortress Press.
Rodkinson, M. L. (trans.) (2023). The Babylonian Talmud, 10 vols., e-book edition, Global Gray.
Skolnik, F. et al. (eds.) (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica. vol. 1. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 22 vols.
Strong, J. (1999). Strong’s Hebrew Dictionary. USA: AGES Software.
Sturluson, S. (1916). The Prose Edda. Brodeur, A. G. (trans.). American-Scandinavian Foundation.
Widengren, G. (1958). Early Hebrew Myths and Their Interpretation. Hooke, S. (ed.). Myth, Ritual, and Kingship, Oxford. Pp. 149-203.
References [In Persian]
Abu Dawood, Sulayman ibn Ash’ath. (1999/2000). Sunan Abu Dawood, edited by Sayyid Muhammad et al. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith. [Sa] [In Persian]
Ashkuri, Qutb al-Din. (2001). Mahbub al-Qulub (History of Pre-Islamic Philosophers), translated by Sayyid Ahmad Ardakani and edited by Ali Ojabi. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. [Ash] [In Persian]
Afshar, Iraj (ed.). (1993). Futuwat-Nameh of the Saqqayans, in Namvareh of Dr. Mahmoud Afshar, Vol. 7, pp. 3887–3894. Tehran: Dr. Mahmoud Afshar Endowments Institute. [Fat 32] [In Persian]
Afshar, Iraj (ed.). (1980). Futuwat-Nameh of the Ironworkers, in Farkhandeh Payam, Memorial of Prof. Dr. Gholamhossein Yousefi, pp. 25–29. Mashhad: University of Mashhad. [Fat 30] [In Persian]
Afshari, Mehran (ed.). (2003). Futuwat-Namehs and Khaksariyeh Treatises (30 Treatises). Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. [Fat 90–119] [In Persian]
Afshari, Mehran (ed.). (2012). Thirty Unknown Treatises on Futuwat, Craftsmanship, and Qalandari. Tehran: Cheshmeh. [Fat 56–85] [In Persian]
Afshari, Mehran (ed.). (2020). Two Treatises on Futuwat and Sufism in the Safavid and Rufa’iyah Orders. Tehran: Dr. Mahmoud Afshar Endowment Foundation. [Fat 38–39] [In Persian]
Afshari, Mehran & Madaeni, Mehdi (ed.). (2009). Fourteen Treatises on Futuwat and Guilds. Tehran: Cheshmeh. [Fat 40–53] [In Persian]
Afshari, Mehran & Morouji, Farzad (introduction, edition, and commentary). (2017). Treatises on Archery: Ten Treatises on Archery, Bowmanship, and Warfare. Tehran: Cheshmeh. [Fat 17–28] [In Persian]
Al-Tusi, Ahmad ibn Muhammad. (1981). Al-Hadiyah al-Sa’diyah fi Ma’ani al-Wujdiyah (or Sama’ and Futuwat), translated by Ahmad Mujahid. Tehran: Manouchehri Library. [Fat 4] [In Persian]
Baba Haji Abdolrahim. (2016). A Qalandar Treatise Called Adab al-Tariq, edited by Mehran Afshari. Tehran: Cheshmeh. [Fat 33] [In Persian]
Bakharzi, Yahya. (1966). Awraad al-Ahbab wa Fusūs al-Adab, edited by Iraj Afshar. Tehran University Press. [In Persian]
Bakharzi, Yahya. (1970). Khulasah Sharh Ta‘arof, edited by Ahmad Ali Rajai. Tehran: Iran Cultural Foundation. [In Persian]
Bukhari, Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad. (2007). Taj al-Qasas (Stories of the Prophets), introduction and edited by Sayyid Ali Al-Dawood. Tehran: Academy of Persian Language and Literature. [Bukh] [In Persian]
Bal’ami, Abu Ali. (2001). Tarikh Bal’ami, edited by Mohammad Taqi Bahar, with the assistance of Mohammad Parvin Gonabadi. Tehran: Zovar. [Bal] [In Persian]
Banakati, Fakhr al-Din Abu Sulayman Dawud ibn Abi al-Fadl. (1969). Tarikh Banakati (Rawdat al-Ula al-Albab fi Ma’rifat al-Tawarikh wa al-Ansab), with assistance of Jafar Shoar. Tehran: National Works Association. [Ban] [In Persian]
Boushanji, Abu al-Hasan ibn Haysam. (2005). Qisas al-Anbiya, Muhammad ibn As’ad ibn Abdullah al-Hanafi al-Tustari, edited by Sayyid Abbas Mohammadzadeh. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. [Bo] [In Persian]
Biruni, Abu Rayhan. (1998). Athar al-Baqiyah, translated by Akbar Danaseresht. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [Bi] [In Persian]
Darami, Abdullah ibn Abdulrahman. (2000/2002). Sunan al-Darami, edited by Hussein Salim Darani. Riyadh: Moroccan Cultural Heritage Center. [Sad] [In Persian]
Danesh-Pajouh, Mohammad Taqi (ed.). (1976/2535 SH). Matlub al-Fuqara, in Homayi Nameh, under supervision of Mehdi Mohaqqeq. Tehran: Association of Persian Language and Literature Professors. [Fat 54] [In Persian]
Danesh-Pajouh, Mohammad Taqi (ed.). (1976/2535 SH). Faqr Nameh, in Homayi Nameh, under supervision of Mehdi Mohaqqeq. Tehran: Association of Persian Language and Literature Professors. [Fat 55] [In Persian]
Doroodbashi, Shoja al-Din. (1963). Jami’ al-Hadaya fi ‘Ilm al-Ramaya, edited by Mohammad Taqi Danesh-Pajouh, in Farhang Iran Zamin, Vol. 11, pp. 229–279, under supervision of Iraj Afshar. Tehran: Sokhan. [Fat 16] [In Persian]
Dinawari, Abdullah ibn Muslim ibn Qutaybah. (2002). Uyun al-Akhbar, researched by Mohammad Eskandari. Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi. [Qut] [In Persian]
Dousk, Wal. (2014). Introduction to Philosophy of Technology, translated by Mostafa Taghavi. Tehran: Defense Industries Educational & Research Institute. [In Persian]
Farnbagh Dadgi. (2011). Bundahesh, translated by Mehrdad Bahar. Tehran: Tous Publications. [In Persian]
Hamadani, Mir Sayyid Ali. (2010). Futuwatiyah Treatise, in Futuwat-Nameh: History, Rituals, and Customs, authored by Mohammad Riyaz. Tehran: Asatir. [Fat 14] [In Persian]
Hamadani, Fazel Khan & others (translators). (2001). Holy Bible: Old Testament and New Testament. Tehran: Asatir. [In Persian]
Habib Allah Banna. (2014). Clay Work Treatise: Futuwat-Nameh of Builders, edited by Arif Nowshahi. Tehran: Academy of Arts. [Fat 120] [In Persian]
Hassuri, Ali (ed.). (2019). Chivalry in History. Tehran: Pardis Danesh. [Fat 86–89] [In Persian]
Ibn Athir, Izz al-Din. (2004). Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, translated by Sayyid Hossein Rouhani, Vol. 1. Tehran: Asatir. [Ath] [In Persian]
Ibn Babawayh, Muhammad ibn Ali. (1992/1994). Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, edited by Ali-Akbar Ghafari. Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom. [Sad] [In Persian]
Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad ibn Muhammad. (1995/1998). Musnad al-Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, edited by Amir Ghazban et al. Beirut: Dar al-Risalah. [Ma] [In Persian]
Ibn Kathir, Imad al-Din Abu al-Fida Isma’il ibn Umar. (1989/2002). Al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya. Beirut: Maktabat al-Ma’arif. [Kath] [In Persian]
Ibn Nadim, Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Abi Ya’qub. (1987). Al-Fihrist, translated by Mohammad Reza Tajaddod. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [Nad] [In Persian]
Jowzjani, Minhaj al-Din Siraj. (1984). Tabaqat Nasiri (History of Iran and Islam), edited by Abd al-Hayy Habibi. Tehran: Donyaye Ketab. [Joz] [In Persian]
Jowiri, Muhammad. (2005). Kulliyat Qisas al-Anbiya (Lives of the Prophets). Tehran: Ketabforoushi Islamiyeh. [Jo] [In Persian]
Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya’qub. (1986/1988). Al-Kafi, edited by Ali Akbar Ghafari & Mohammad Akhundi. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah. [Kul] [In Persian]
Kubra, Najm al-Din. (1984). Adab al-Sufiyyah, supervised by Masoud Ghasemi. Tehran: Zovar. [In Persian]
Khan-Mohammadi, Ali Akbar (ed.). (1992). Futuwat-Nameh of Builders. Safheh Journal, 1(5), pp. 10–15. [Fat 31] [In Persian]
Khorramshahi, Baha al-Din (translator). (1995). Quran. Tehran: Jami & Niloofar. [Qur] [In Persian]
Khatib Farsi. (1983). Qalandar-Nameh of Khatib Farsi or Sirat Jamal al-Din Savji, edited by Hamid Zarrinkoub. Tehran: Tous. [Fat 15] [In Persian]
Khandamir, Ghyath al-Din ibn Hammam al-Din. (2001). Tarikh Habib al-Sir, with introduction by Jalal al-Din Homayi. Tehran: Khayyam. [Kho] [In Persian]
Leick, Gundolin. (2006). Encyclopedia of Ancient Eastern Myths, translated by Roghieh Behzadi. Tehran: Tahouri. [In Persian]
Mubarakshah, Muhammad ibn Mansur ibn Sa’id. (1967). Adab al-Harb wa al-Shaja’ah, edited by Ahmad Soheili Khansari. Tehran: Iqbal. [Fat 3] [In Persian]
Mirabedini, Sayyid Abu Taleb & Afshari, Mehran (ed.). (1995). Qalandariyya: Comprising Four Treatises on Qalandari, Khaksariyeh, Farqeh Ajam, and Eloquence. Tehran: Fararavan. [Fat 34–37] [In Persian]
Mirkhwand, Muhammad ibn Khawand Shah ibn Mahmoud. (1996). Rawdat al-Safa, refined and summarized by Abbas Zaryab. Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi. [Mi] [In Persian]
Mostofi, Mohammad Hassan. (1996). Zobdat al-Tawarikh, edited by Behrooz Goudarzi. Tehran: Afshar Yazdi Endowment Foundation. [Mot] [In Persian]
Mas’udi, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Husayn. (1986). Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma’adin al-Jawhar, translated by Abolqasem Payandeh, Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [Ma] [In Persian]
Muqaddasi, Mutahhar ibn Taher. (1995). Afarinesh va Tarikh, introduction, translation, and annotations by Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani. Tehran: Agah. [Maq] [In Persian]
Mohaqqeq, Samad. (1995). Adam in Sufism, in Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 1, under supervision of Kazem Mousavi Bejnordi. Tehran: Center of the Great Islamic Encyclopedia. [In Persian]
Muhammad ibn Munawwar. (1953). Asrar al-Tawhid, edited by Zabihollah Safa. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Mirfakhraei, Mahshid (translator). (1988). Pahlavi Narrative: A Text in Middle Persian (Sasanian Pahlavi). Tehran: Institute for Cultural Studies and Research. [In Persian]
Nasiri Siwasi. (1962). Nasiri Futuwat-Nameh, edited by Saeed Nafisi, in Farhang Iran Zamin, Vol. 10, pp. 225–281, under supervision of Iraj Afshar. [Fat 5] [In Persian]
Nisaburi, Ibrahim ibn Mansur. (2003). Qisas al-Anbiya (Stories of the Prophets), curated by Habib Yaghmaei. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [Ni] [In Persian]
Nishaburi, Muslim ibn Hajjaj. (1991/1993). Sahih Muslim, edited by Muhammad Fu’ad Abd al-Baqi. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith. [Sam] [In Persian]
Nasa’i, Ahmad ibn Ali. (1990/1992). Sunan al-Kubra, edited by Abdul Ghaffar Sulayman Bandari. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, published by Muhammad Ali Baydoun. [San] [In Persian]
Qobadiani, Abu Ma’in Nasr Khusraw. (1984). Jami’ al-Hikmatayn, edited and French & Persian introduction by Mohammad Moein & Henry Corbin. Tehran: Tahouri. [Na] [In Persian]
Rawandi, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Sulayman. (1985). Rahat al-Sudur wa Ayat al-Surur, edited by Mohammad Iqbal. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [Ra] [In Persian]
Salmi, Abu Abd al-Rahman. (2010). Risalah Malamatiyah, translated by Abbas Goudarzi & Mehri Zare’ Mo’idi. Etelaat Hekmat va Ma’refat, 12(60), pp. 27–33. [Fat 1] [In Persian]
Salmi, Abu Abd al-Rahman. (2006). Chivalry and Chivalrous Men: Al-Futuhah, translated by Qasem Ansari. Qazvin: Hadith Emrooz. [Fat 2] [In Persian]
Semnani, Ala al-Dowleh. (1987). Treatise on Futuwat, translated by Qasem Ansari. Ma’aref Journal, 3, pp. 19–36. [Fat 13] [In Persian]
Siyar, Pirouz (translator). (2014). Old Testament: Based on the Jerusalem Bible (Vol. 1: Torah). Tehran: Hermes. [In Persian]
Siyar, Pirouz (translator). (2008). New Testament: Based on the Jerusalem Bible. Tehran: Hermes. [In Persian]
Shahrzuri, Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Mahmoud. (2010). Nuzhat al-Arwah wa Rawdat al-Afrah (History of Philosophers), translated by Maqsoud Ali Tabrizi. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [Shz] [In Persian]
Shahrestani, Abu al-Fath Muhammad ibn Abdulkarim. (1982). Tawdhih al-Milal (Al-Milal wa al-Nihal), translated by Mostafa Khalghdad Hashemi, with introduction, footnotes, editing, and commentary by Sayyid Mohammad Reza Jalali Naeini. Tehran: Iqbal. [She] [In Persian]
Sarraf, Morteza (ed.). (1973). Treatises of Chivalrous Men: Comprising Seven Futuwat-Namehs, introduction and French summary by Henry Corbin. Tehran: French Institute for Scientific Research in Iran. [Fat 6–12] [In Persian]
Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir. (1973). Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk, translated by Abolqasem Payandeh, Vol. 1. Tehran: Iran Cultural Foundation. [Tab] [In Persian]
Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hasan. (1986/1988). Tahdhib al-Ahkam, edited by Hasan al-Mousavi Khorsan. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah. [Taw] [In Persian]
Tabrizi, Mirza Muhammad Razi. (2019). Zinat al-Tawarikh, edited by Ali-Asghar Rajabi. Tehran: Arman Pazhoohan. [Tab] [In Persian]
Tirmizi, Muhammad ibn Isa. (1998/2000). Al-Jami’ al-Sahih wa Huwa Sunan al-Tirmidhi, edited by Ahmad Muhammad Shakir. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith. [St] [In Persian]
Tha’labi, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Nisaburi. (n.d.). Qisas al-Anbiya al-Musamma ‘Ara’is al-Majaliss. Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah. [Tha] [In Persian]
Warner, Rex. (2010). Encyclopedia of World Myths, translated by Abolqasem Esmaeilpour. Tehran: Ostureh. [In Persian]
Wa’iz Kashfi Sabzevari, Hussein. (1971). Sultani Futuwat-Nameh, edited by Mohammad Jafar Mahjoob. Iran Cultural Foundation. [Fat 29] [In Persian]
Ya’qubi, Ahmad ibn Ishaq. (2003). Tarikh Ya’qubi, Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [Ya] [In Persian]
