Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 PhD student in Education Philosophy, Chamran University, Ahvaz
2 -Associate Professor in the Department of Educational Sciences, the Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor in the Department of Educational Sciences, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
4 Professor in the Department of Educational Sciences, the Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, ShahidChamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Abstract
Fichte, in his later philosophy, by establishing God as the criterion of morality, wants to form a link between morality and Bildung, which will lead to excellence and prosperity in people's lives. In order to get rid of Cartesian dualism and unlike Spinoza, who considers nature to be the essence of everything, Fichte considers God or "one" to be a pure existence that manifests life in the world with the light it shines on existence. In fact, for Fichte, God is seen in the emanation of that simple light that can reveal life and harmony in existence while being absolute. Basically, late Fichte considers the life and unity formed in the world to be dependent on God or absolute light. As a result, if people want to be united as "one" in life, they must achieve unity through a bildung, whose axis is morality. In principle, the creation of comprehensive unity and the understanding of God as the criterion of morals and the creator of life are two main vocation of man in Fichte's late philosophy. The main goal of the article is to clarify to what extent Fichte's ontological turn from the centrality of subjectivity to God was influential in his redefinition of the concept of bildung as a universal unity.
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