Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Associate professor at Semnan university
Abstract
Abstract
In this article, by referring to some of Plato's most important works, we explain his view on evil. Due to the fact that he considers sensations to be a weak representation of immutable truths, the basis of this view is in the Neoplatonic tradition that evil has a non-existent aspect. This attitude is far from a realistic approach to life, because the
life of living beings in general and the life of man in particular, is faced with various types of metaphysical evil, and man, as a being with authority, is also subject to or the origin of moral evil. Although based on specific reading, one can look for the plan of the world like Plato in the light of his encounter with the death of Socrates and trying
to escape from it, because of the ruling attitude of the ancient world which is based on the class system, Plato also has an elitist approach and instead ofemphasizingindividual responsibilities, he points to the establishment of philosophers as a model of intellectual celibacy and moral virtues in society. This is while in modern society where
individual values are important, a reliable connection is established between the issue of evil and social responsibility. By referring to the philosophy of Josiah Royce, who is also an idealist thinker like Plato, we can understand that contemporary idealism cannot ignore the reality of evil in the same optimistic and holistic view of the world.
Royce looks at human sufferings realistically and emphasizes a
Evil and Social Responsibility: Investigating the Requisties of Platonic Idealism and Josiah Royce's Idealistic Theresponsible approach to reduce suffering and eliminate social shortcomings according to his theoretical foundations.
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