Kasra Hatam Pouri; Mohammad reza asadi
Abstract
This paper discusses the moral system in Rene Descartes’ thoughts. First, it will be shown that Descartes has undeniable ethical concerns even if we refuse to accept his systematic and coherent moral theory and, more precisely, that he has an independent book in moral philosophy. For instance, ...
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This paper discusses the moral system in Rene Descartes’ thoughts. First, it will be shown that Descartes has undeniable ethical concerns even if we refuse to accept his systematic and coherent moral theory and, more precisely, that he has an independent book in moral philosophy. For instance, in several works he hints at or affirms various principles based on which we can attribute a moral theory to him. Next, we will refer to the nature and structure of Descartes' moral theory. For this purpose, we explain our own interpretation of his moral beliefs and its fundamental elements as we study and criticize other points of view. During the discussion, we will briefly touch the categorization of his moral philosophy in relation with recent classifications in this area. As we will see, it has four fundamental elements: virtue, science, limited knowledge and happiness are four fundamental elements that we think Descartes' ethics containing them and without one of them our interpretation of this issue will be incomplete or even wrong.
zohreh sadat naaji; mohsen javadi
Abstract
Muhammad Al-Ghazali and Thomas Aquinas have respectively played a considerable role in Islam and Christianity. Religious attitude can be seen in their works; and the body-soul distinction is thus one of the issues that suggest the two scholars’ religious attitudes. Ethical issues are among many ...
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Muhammad Al-Ghazali and Thomas Aquinas have respectively played a considerable role in Islam and Christianity. Religious attitude can be seen in their works; and the body-soul distinction is thus one of the issues that suggest the two scholars’ religious attitudes. Ethical issues are among many others seriously proposed for examination in the works of Al-Ghazali and Aquinas. This paper aims to examine how their philosophy of ethics is influenced by their belief in the body-soul distinction and to what extent the former issue is developed by the latter, highlighting the fact that Al-Ghazali has a more significant role than Aquinas.
zahra khazaei
Abstract
Robert M. Adams is a Christian thinker who tries to propose, in philosophical methods, a theistic framework for ethics. Since it is not based on particular religious beliefs, it is compatible to different forms of theistic ethics, including forms of Jewish and Islamic as well as Christian ethics. So, ...
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Robert M. Adams is a Christian thinker who tries to propose, in philosophical methods, a theistic framework for ethics. Since it is not based on particular religious beliefs, it is compatible to different forms of theistic ethics, including forms of Jewish and Islamic as well as Christian ethics. So, in this framework, moral obligations are explained on belief in God, which is the common principle among all divine religions, as infinite Good, beauty and love, and other things are excellent and admirable insofar as they resemble God. In Adams’ thought, loving the Good has the fundamental role in making ideal life and the virtue or excellence is its necessary qualification. In his moral theory, all virtues are moral and intrinsically excellent, so everyone plays a role in creating ideal life. The aim of this article is to elucidate the image of a morally ideal life in Adams’ thoughts. Since the analysis of this image is not possible except to explain Adams’ moral theory and also his idea on the meaning and the status of infinite good and excellence, they will be elucidated here. In this regard, the pluralist role of values and focus on goodness are emphasized.