vahid Ahmadi; Ahmad Ali Heydari
Abstract
The paper is to compare between Ibn Khaldun's style of philosophizing and the modern viewpoint of Philosophy of Culture. Speculating on Asabiyyah (group feeling), civilization, and influences of climate on the human being, Ibn Khaldun sets the stage for his contribution to some of the most important ...
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The paper is to compare between Ibn Khaldun's style of philosophizing and the modern viewpoint of Philosophy of Culture. Speculating on Asabiyyah (group feeling), civilization, and influences of climate on the human being, Ibn Khaldun sets the stage for his contribution to some of the most important categories of the philosophy of culture. He describes how gradually human beings, humans that first home around nature, reach the state of prosperity by way of Asabiyyah and he believes that this way is bound for wars and for the negation of the other. Ibn Khaldun, then, in the course of the discussion, somehow like oppressed utopian, recognizes other cultures and goes beyond the horizon of his own culture and views human being from the higher standpoint of O’mran, a standpoint that is devoid of any specific values, that is Jenseits von Gut und Böse. He rethinks religion so as to pave the way for poly – cultural standpoint.
Jolley Oladotun Ogunkoya
Abstract
This work examines the nature and causes of crises that are bedeviling human society, and argues the thesis that freedom has a pivotal role to play in the emergence of crises in society. The work takes it for granted that there are different forms of crisis and that the highest form of crisis in the ...
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This work examines the nature and causes of crises that are bedeviling human society, and argues the thesis that freedom has a pivotal role to play in the emergence of crises in society. The work takes it for granted that there are different forms of crisis and that the highest form of crisis in the world is war, which itself, has many variants. Consequently, when I speak of the causes of war, I am by so-doing talking about the phenomenon of war as a representative of all forms of war and as an example of a form of crisis in society. I am quite aware of the various factors that have been identified by scholars as the causes of crises, but there seems to be an omission of the place of freedom in their submissions. The paper therefore argues that all forms of deprivation are denials of freedom and that crises are mostly products of unhealthy social relations which are often exhibited in a form of either a denial of freedom or an excessive exercise of it.
