mohammad akvan; majid pir hadi
Abstract
Plato is the first philosopher who states his political views in a sound philosophical system. The testimony to this statement is his two important works, i.e. Republic (Politeia) and Laws (Nomoi) in which one can trace his political views. Plato’s political writings indicate that his life as a ...
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Plato is the first philosopher who states his political views in a sound philosophical system. The testimony to this statement is his two important works, i.e. Republic (Politeia) and Laws (Nomoi) in which one can trace his political views. Plato’s political writings indicate that his life as a great philosopher has never been devoid of the political and social issues of his time. The fusion of politics, metaphysics, ethics and education in Plato’s works demonstrate that he was involved in political and social problems in an important and eventful period. Since no thought is created without passing through the historical bottlenecks, an attempt is made here to examine the impacts of Greece’s eventful and flourishing period, i.e. the fifth century B.C., on Plato’s political views as the recognition of the effective factors influencing the views of a philosopher which will help the researcher understand the historical trends.
meysam sefid khosh; yousef shaghol
Abstract
John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism ...
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John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism and its extremist individualism, Rawls found that it must be necessary to review the functions and the essential notions of Hegel's Philosophy of Right once again, since Hegel himself in confront with the ideas of the thinkers of Enlightenment Age had been concerned with the same problems in the utilitarianism, too. In fact, Rawls appreciates the advantage of Hegel's approach for his theory of justice and its basic conceptions. In this paper, the writers want to show that how Rawls offers a distinctive account of the most important elements of Hegel's Philosophy of Right to achieve his own intention, which introduces it according to the liberalism. In this way, Rawls recognizes two versions of liberalism and realizes his own theory along with Kant and Hegel's standpoints. It seems that to attain his aim, Rawls, despite his elementary argument about the Kantian character of his theory, has to leave Kantian aspects behind and embrace Hegelian attitudes at least in some main principles. Explicating the basic sides of this thought turn is the other purpose of the paper.
