yousef shaghol; leysam sefid khosh
Abstract
Rawls’ theory of justice enjoys all characteristics of a comprehensive conceptual system, and like any such a system, it embraces a special method nature of which has a definite influence on the content of the theory. The main methodological concepts of his theory consist in the ideas of the contract ...
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Rawls’ theory of justice enjoys all characteristics of a comprehensive conceptual system, and like any such a system, it embraces a special method nature of which has a definite influence on the content of the theory. The main methodological concepts of his theory consist in the ideas of the contract doctrine, the original position, the veil of ignorance and the reflective equilibrium. The content of these concepts and their relationships with each others and also with another relavant concepts in an cpmprehensive political theory is one of the most important qustions to which commentators and critics have payed attention. For instance, Doworkin has analized the relations between Rawlsian methodology right-based, goal-based and duty-based theories and aloso the constituitive and the natural model. Tomas Nigel is in about this claim that the final result derived from the Rawlsian method would lead to a just position. Calling Rwals` method a kind of `fictionalization`, Davide Hall has objected the possibility of actualization of this theory. In this paper, we try to focus on and categorize some important critical viwes conerning the Rawlsian methodology.
meysam sefid khosh; yousef shaghol
Abstract
John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism ...
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John Rawls has delineated his "A theory of Justice" fundamentally in contrast with the utilitarianism, because he thinks that utilitarianism is ready to sacrifice the freedom and justice for the common people's utility and happiness. To present a theory which could be far from any vitiations of utilitarianism and its extremist individualism, Rawls found that it must be necessary to review the functions and the essential notions of Hegel's Philosophy of Right once again, since Hegel himself in confront with the ideas of the thinkers of Enlightenment Age had been concerned with the same problems in the utilitarianism, too. In fact, Rawls appreciates the advantage of Hegel's approach for his theory of justice and its basic conceptions. In this paper, the writers want to show that how Rawls offers a distinctive account of the most important elements of Hegel's Philosophy of Right to achieve his own intention, which introduces it according to the liberalism. In this way, Rawls recognizes two versions of liberalism and realizes his own theory along with Kant and Hegel's standpoints. It seems that to attain his aim, Rawls, despite his elementary argument about the Kantian character of his theory, has to leave Kantian aspects behind and embrace Hegelian attitudes at least in some main principles. Explicating the basic sides of this thought turn is the other purpose of the paper.
