Somayeh Rafiqi; zolfqar Hemmati
Abstract
Undoubtedly, the problem of human beings and the recognition of his nature are considered to be the main concerns of Kant. This concern, before he began to write his critical philosophy, led him to research subjects related to human nature, and eventually led him to consider humanity as an answer to ...
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Undoubtedly, the problem of human beings and the recognition of his nature are considered to be the main concerns of Kant. This concern, before he began to write his critical philosophy, led him to research subjects related to human nature, and eventually led him to consider humanity as an answer to the main philosophical question. Kant distinguishes between two types of research on the nature of mankind: the pragmatic research that speaks of it in his ‘anthropology from a pragmatic point of view’, and transcendental research that is called ‘transcendental anthropology’, a term that he did not explain in any of his works. But what does Kant mean by this term and what does this concept mean about humans? In this article we are trying to examine two aspects of the term, the anthropological and transcendental, to clarify Kant’s mind and verify his definition of the human being. This study shows that Kant tries to examine the mental faculties of human beings to understand a priori what can be achieved about him. This study shows that, first, man is nothing but the origin of the laws of nature and can understand the fundamental laws of nature. Secondly, what to do is the moral law imposed upon him by his wit. And finally, what would have hoped is nothing more than that he realizes his ends through moral law and changes the natural world into the moral world.
mehdi dehbashi; marzieh rezaian
Abstract
When the human being starts to know himself and appreciate his abilities, it is as if he has a kind of responsibility to transcend himself form lower stages of humanity to higher ones. For Kierkegaard, this transcendence is possible by helping of the human outstanding characteristic, namely the Anxiety. ...
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When the human being starts to know himself and appreciate his abilities, it is as if he has a kind of responsibility to transcend himself form lower stages of humanity to higher ones. For Kierkegaard, this transcendence is possible by helping of the human outstanding characteristic, namely the Anxiety. According to his notion of anxiety, any individual is always concerned and anxious about the quality of his choices. This anxiety leads the individual to choose the best choice through which he can represent his very own self as much as possible. For Maulana, the human being who has the thought faculty which differentiates him from other livings, not only can grasp knowledge about himself, but also about other things, just by applying this ability correctly. Consideration of both thinkers' thoughts can help us to comprehend this ability. In this paper, we investigate human being in order to recognize the spirit's stages and to know human beings' outstanding characteristics in the two mentioned thinkers' thoughts. Therefore, we investigate the privacy and the examination for attainment more pure self.